©2026-2038 All Rights Reserved. Online Journal of Veterinary Research. You may not store these pages in any form
except for your own personal use. All other usage or distribution is illegal
under international copyright treaties. Permission to use any
of these pages in any other way besides the before mentioned must be gained in
writing from the publisher. This article is exclusively copyrighted in
its entirety to onlinejournals@gmail.com publications..
This article may be copied once but may not be, reproduced or re-transmitted without the express
permission of the editors. Linking: To link to this page or any pages linking
to this page you must link directly to this page only here rather than put up
your own page.
OJVRTM
Online Journal of Veterinary Research©
(Including Medical
and Laboratory Research)
Established 1994
ISSN 1328-925X
Volume 30 (1): 10-17, 2026.
Phylogenetics of foot-and-mouth virus serotype ‘A’ and
vaccines
Department of
Epidemiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Pandit Deen Dayal
Upadhaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidhyalaya evam Gau Anusandhan
Sansthan, Mathura. India.
ABSTRACT
Verma AK, Mahima,
Pal BC, Yadav SK, Kumar A, Raies M., Phylogenetics of foot-and-mouth
virus serotype ‘A’ and vaccines, Onl J Vet Res. 30 (1): 10-17, 2026. Viral
RNA was extracted from infected cell cultures eluted with 50µl of nuclease free
water and transcribed negative sense primer. P1 region of genome was amplified for
PCR. Two P1 sequences with
published Indian FMDV type A sequences and 2 vaccine
virus strains by CLUSTAL W/X algorithm. Aligned sequences allowed construction
of phylogenetic tree by the neighbor-joining model of nucleotide substitution
with gamma-distribution of amongsite rate heterogenecity of 8 categories to construct trees with 10,000
replicates of the data set. We generated nucleotide sequence of 1D region for 3
FMD type ‘A’ viruses for phylogenetic analysis with previous isolates and 2
vaccine virus strains included in the tree construction. Results suggested
genotype VII supremacy. Older vaccine strain IND17/77 and in-use vaccine strain
IND 490/97 were grouped in genotype IV and VI respectively. Nucleotide
divergence between the recent isolates and vaccine strain (IND 490/97) is
higher (22.0%) compared to that among recent field isolates (0.00%).
KEYWORDS: Foot-and-mouth
disease virus, Serotype A, Genetic analysis,
Phylogenetic analysis.