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OJVRTM
Online
Journal of Veterinary Research©
(Including
Medical and Laboratory Research)
Established 1994
ISSN 1328-925X
Volume 27
(3): 156-170, 2023.
Disposition of adenine,
synephrine, osthole and nicotinamide in nettle
extract
Sloan Ayers, Bill Roschek, John M Williams, Randall S Alberte
HerbalScience Group LLC., Naples FL 34110, USA
ABSTRACT
Ayers
S, Roschek R, Williams JM, Alberte
RS., Disposition of adenine, synephrine, osthole and nicotinamide
in nettle extract, Onl J Vet Res., 27
(3): 156-170, 2023. We
determined disposition of adenine, synephrine, osthole and nicotinamide in a nettle (Urtica dioica) extract lozenge in human
volunteers. Average serum adenine reached 35.2, nicotinamide 8.7, osthole 11.0 and synephrine 107.4nmol/l
equivalent to 0.3, 0.2, 0.2 and 1.6% oral bioavailability. Urine levels reached
4.9, 2.5, 6.6 and 0.2 nmol/l,
respectively. Compared with serum concentrations, in urine, Cmax decreased
2-16 fold, Tmax
increased 2-12 and T1/2 increased 2-10. Molecular modeling revealed that
these compounds were not likely to cross the blood-brain barrier, particularly
important for the anti-histamine bioactives to ensure
a non-drowsy activity. These results show that anti-inflammatory and
anti-allergenic compounds in nettle are readily absorbed into the body and
excreted in the urine when a nettle extract is delivered orally as a lozenge.
In addition, DART TOF-MS is useful in quantifying multiple components in
biological matrices with little or no sample preparation.
Key Words: Urtica dioica, nettle, allergies, inflammation,
DART TOF-MS
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